Shear



July 5, 3.927

J. A. SMITMANS SHEAR Filed Jan. JA. 1926 NVENTOR SHEAR J. A. SMITMANS Filed Jan. l. 1926 Juy f5, 192.7.

Patented July 5, `1927.

lJNlTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JGEIN A. SLVI'llVIl-NSy OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSL'GNOR TO UNITED EN- GNEER-ING Se FOUNDRY COMPANY, Oli? PT''SSRGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- @ION OF PENNSYLVANIA. i

SHEAR.

Application 'led January 14, 1925. Serial No. 81,201.

The present invention relates broadly to the art of met-al working and more particularly to improved shears for the cutting oit billets, bars and the like, although the utility of the invention is not limited with re spect to the material being cut.

This invention has for one of its objects the provision ot a shear frame adaptedto be located and supported entirely at one side ot' a carrier7 such as a roll table, the trame being constructed whereby a portion thereof projects over the carrier and is provided with shear blades for material delivered by the carrier.

Another object of the invention is to pro vide a construction such that an extremely simple shear is aiiiorded requiring only a single tension or compression member which maybe directly operated without any accurate top or bott-'onrslides or other supports, and consequently of such nature that machining and assembly diilieulties are reduced to a minimum.

ln the accompanying drawings there are shown for purposes of illustration only certain preferred embodiments oi the present inventiona it being understood that the drawings de not deline the limits et my invention, as changes in the construction land opera-tion disclosed therein may be made without departing either from the spirit ,of the invention or the scope ot my broader claims.

In the drawings:

Figure l isa top plan view ot a shear constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the shear illustrated in Figure l;

Fig-ure 3 is an end elevational view of the construction or" Figure l;

Figure 4; is a detail sectional view, on an enlarged scale., `taken along the line lll-IV ot VFigure i and looking in the direction ot the arrows; .and

Figure '5 is a side elevational view similar to Figure :2, but illustrating a portion only of :a modified term of shear.

In accordance with the present invention there may be Vprovided ashear trame Q' having a base adapted to be supported entirely outside oit' the `area 'occupied by a carrier herein illustrated diagrammatically as comprising a roll tabled. The frame has a projection 5 adapted to extend over the carrier, and provided with a relativelystationary shear blade G Vadapted to cooperate with a material M delivered by the carrier for' shearing.

Mounted is an operating motor 7 adapted to drivea gear 8 through a suitable train of reducing gears Ela. The gear 8 is mounted freely on one v.end of an eccentric shaft 9, which also carries a clutcn member l() slidable axially thereof and provided with a clutch tace 11 adapted te cooperate with a similar face 12 on the gear 8. The clutch member 10 is keyed to the .shaft 9 tor rotation therewith', whereby upon movement of the clutch member suchr as required to bring the faces ll and l2 into engagement,v rotation will be imparted yto the shaft 9. The particular form of clutch controlling mechanism illustrated herein constitutes no particular part ot the present invention, and any other desired lform or mechanism may be utilized as found desirable, or the shear may be used vwithout a clutch.

Formed adjacent the opposite end of the eccentric shalt 9 is a crank or eccentricil-S which cooperates with a strap 14 Vconnected in rany desired manner to one end of a shear bar l5, the connection herein being illustrated as comprising a key l@ extending through the strap and the bar 'for locking the Asame together.

The shear bar is adapted t0 travel loosely, except as to side play, through a suitable opening i7 in the trame, such movement being' accomplished by providing `a link support i8 for the outer end of the shear bar, this link support tending to cause the shear bar to travel in the desired direction upon operation oii'the shaft 9. This construction has been tound to be highly desirable inasmuch it obviates the necessity of providing .special top and bottom slides or supports for the shear bar, thereby facilitatingA the construction nul assembly ot the apparatus and also reducing' friction to a minimum. The shear bar has its uter ends shaped to accommodate shear blade 19 adapted to eooperate with the blade 6 carried by the trame.

From the foregoing it will be apparent to those skilled in the art thatl the shear bar may be ot heavy construction adapted vto at a suitable point on the frame withstand the strains to Which it is subjected in use, the bar in the form of Figures l to 3 inclusive acting as a tension member during each shearing operation While the frame acts as a compression member.

The various bearings 2O for the shafts of the gear train and oi the motor are prcferably positioned in a common inclined plane whereby they are all accessible by the mere expedient of removing a cover 22. This inclined relationship ot the various bearings and shafts also provides a compact assembly cooperating with the iframe to effectively permit the supporting thereof at one side of a carrier and the projection oif the shear blades over the carrier. y

In Figure 5 of the drawings there is shown another embodiment of the invention in which there is provided a double acting or double cut shear. in this form parts corresponding to parts previously described are designated by the same reference characters having a prime aiiixed thereto. ln the previously described figures the movable shear bar has been described as a tension member and the stationary shear frame a compression member. rli`his is the preferal'ile design as it represents the most economical one et the various materials entering into the construction of the machine. As apparent from Figure 5, however, the shear bar may be a compression member, as would be the case when shearing the right hand piece o'f material M', and the frame 5', the tension member, or the shear bar and frame may be alternately under compression and tension as necessitated by the double acting arrangement shown involving` oppositely directed shear blades on both the bar and iframe.

Certain advantages of the present invention arise 'from the provision o'f a frame adapted to be supported entirely at one side of a carrier so as to be movable at will independently of the carrier, and carrying the shear blades effective for shearing` material delivered by the carrier.

Other advantages of the present invention arise from the provision of a shear of such construction that the shear bar need not be mounted upon accurate top and bottom guides Within the supporting iframe, and from a construction in which the shear bar may serve as the tension member and the frame as the compression member, or vice versa. l

Still other advantages arise from the relative arrangement oif the shafts carrying the gears of the gear train whereby a single cover may be provided for protecting all of the gears and affording access to the shafts, and also providingl a compact assembly in which the iframe may be easily formed With an opening inline with the crank for the free passage of the shear bar.

' I claim:

l. In a shear', a iframe, a crank carried by said frame, a shear bar operated by said crank, a lever support for the outer end of said shear bar, and shear blades carried by said bar and `frame respectively, and having cutting edges disposed angularly With respect to the length of the shear bar, substantially as described.

2. ln a shear, a frame, a crank carried by said iframe, a shear bar opeated by said crank, aA lever support for the outer end of said shear bar, ano opp'ositely directed shear blades carried by said bar and frame respectively, and having cutting edges disposed angularly with respect to the'length of the shear bar, substantially as described.

3. in a shear, a frame, a crank carried thereby, a shear bar carried at one end and operated by said crank, said frame having an opening therethrough for the free passage of said shear bar, a link support for the outer end of said shear bar, and shear blades carried by said bar and' framerespeCtiVely, substantially as described.

4. ln a shear, a iframe, a crank carried` thereby, a shear bar supported at one end by said crank and operated thereby, said iframe having' an opening therethrough 'for the tree passage of said shear bar, a link support- Yfor the other end of said shear bar, and oppositely directed shear blades carried by said bar and frame respectively, substantially as described.

5. ln a shear, a frame, a crank carried thereby, a shear bar operated by said crank, said shear bar extending substantially horizontal, a rocking support for the outer end o'f said shear bar, and shear blades carried by said bar and frame respectively, and hav-Y ing 'cutting edges disposed angularly with respect to the length of the shear bar, substautially as described.

6. In a. shear, a frame, a crank carried thereby, a shear bar operated by the crank in a generallv horizontal direction, the shear bar having a. cutting edge 'extending angularly with respect to the direction of its motion, a rocking support for the outer end of the shear bar, and, a cutting edgfeon the iframe for cooperation with the first mentioned cutting edge, substantially as "described. 'f

7, In a shear, a carrier, a frame comprising a base adapted to be located at one side` et the carrier, a crank positioned over the base, a bar operatively connected to thev crank and projecting therefrom, a rocking support for the outer end of the bar adapted to support the bar over the carrier, the crank being operative to movethe bar across the carrier, and shear blades carried by the, bar and frame respectively and operative upon movement for shearing material on the car-V rier, substantially as described.

8. In a shear, a frame having an opening ioo i extending horizontally therethrough, a shear bar movable through said opening and extending beyond said frame said shear bar having a cutting edge extending substantially at right angles to its direction of motion, a crank for operating said shear bar, and asupport for the outer end or said shear bar, said bar having its upper and lower surfaces out of supporting contact with the trame intermedia-te said crank and said support, substantially as described.

9. In a shear, a t 'ame having an opening extending horizontally therethrough, a shear bar loosely movable through said opening, a crank directly carrying one end of and operating said shear bar, and a support for the outer end of said shear bar, said bar having its upper and lower surfaces out ot' supporting contact with the frame intermediate said crank and said support, said support comprising a link pivotally connecte-d to thev frame and said bar, substantially as described.

10. In a shea-r, a shear bar adapted 'for movement in a generally longitudinal direction, and a movable support for each end of said bar, and a shear blade projecting angular-ly from said bar, substantially as described.

11. In a shear, a shear bar, and a movable support for each end of said bar, one of said supports comprising a link, and a shear blade projecting angularly from said bar, substantially as described.

12. In a shear, a shear bar adapted for movement in a. generally longitudinal direction, and a movable support tor each end of said bar, one of said supports constituting opera-ting means for the bar, and a shear blade projecting angularly from said bar, substantially as described.

13. In a shear, an operating crank, a shear bar adapted for movement in a. generally longitudinal direction and supported by said crank at one end, and a movable support for the other end of said bar, substantially as described.

14. In a shear, an operating crank, a shear bar supported by said crank at one end, and

a movable support for the other end of said bar, said support comprising a pivotally mounted link, substantially as described.

15. In a shear, a frame, a crank mounted in said trame, a shear bar carried at one end by said crank and adapted to be operated thereby, a swinging support Jfor the outer end ot said bar, and shear blades on said bar and trame respectively, substantially as described.

16. In a shear, a. trame, a crank journalcd in said trame, a shear bar directly cooperating` with saidcrank at one end and support-ed thereby, supporting means for the other end of said shear bar adapted to permit longitudinal movement thereof, and shear blades carried by said bar and frame respectively, substantially as described.

17. In a. shear, a trame, a crank journalled in said trame, a shear bar directly cooperating with said crank at one end and supported thereby, supporting means for the other end o'l said shear bar adapted to permit substantially horizontal movement thereot', and substantially vertical shear blades carried by said bar and frame respectively, substantially as described.

18. In a shear, a supporting frame, an eccentric journalled therein, a shear bar directl i engaging said eccentric and entirely supported at one end thereby for reciprocating movement upon actuation of said eccentric, and a link pivotally connected to said bar adjacent its opposite end, and a pivotal axis tor the other end of said link mounted in said trame, said link having a pivotal movement only about said axis, substantially as described.

19. In a shear, a shear bar adapted for movement in a. generally longitudinal direction, a swinging support for one end of the bar, a movable support tor the other end of the bar, and a shear blade projecting angularly from the bar, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

J OI-IN A. SMITMANS. 

